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Category 5 Requirements:

The papyrus scroll is the progenitor of the modern book. The Egyptian Book of the Dead was a text containing prayers, spells, and hymns, the knowledge of which was to be used by the dead to guide and protect the soul on the hazardous journey through the afterlife. Beginning in the 18th Dynasty, the Book of the Dead was inscribed on papyrus.

This section of one such book, from the early 19th Dynasty (about 1310 BC), shows the final judgment of the deceased (in this case Hu-Nefer, the royal scribe) before Osiris, the god of the dead. Hieroglyphics as well as illustrations portray the ritual of weighing the deceased's heart before he can be awarded eternal life. The ancient Egyptians believed that the mystical scroll could secure the benevolence of Osiris for the dead person, and so they often placed it near the mummified body in the tomb.
51 Information

Marketing research is a pivotal part of the marketing process. By referring to studies of prospective buyers' needs, wants, and tastes, providers of goods and services can tailor their marketing programs. The results of marketing studies suggest to sellers not only what they should sell or provide but also where to offer particular goods and services, how to advertise them, and how to set prices.

 

 

 

511 Publishing Industries

An operator receives a finished page from a six-color offset press. Offset printing, also called lithography, is the most commonly used printing process for producing books, magazines, and newspapers.
 

 

 

 

 


5111 Newspaper, Periodical, Book

The Wall Street Journal is one of the most widely circulated newspapers in the United States. The newspaper specializes in business and financial news and also covers national and international affairs.

51111 Newspaper Publishers

In a web press, the printing plates are wrapped around revolving cylinders called drums. This press uses the rotary relief process, which has been the most common printing method for mass-producing newspapers, books, and magazines for many years. Here, an operator adjusts a plate before printing is resumed. Adjustments are made based on sample copies that are printed to check for consistent color and impression, a process called make-ready. When the press is started, paper will pass between these two rollers, receiving print on both sides simultaneously.


51112 Periodical Publishers
51113 Book Publishers
51114 Database and Directory Publishers

51119 Other Publishers
511191 Greeting Card Publishers
511199 All Other Publishers

5112 Software Publishers

The Microsoft Windows 95 operating system is a Graphical User Interface (GUI), shown here with open windows; icons represent files, hardware devices, and software applications; and pop-up menus enable efficient and easy use of the computer.

 

 

 

 

 

 


51121 Software Publishers

512 Motion Picture and Sound Recording

American television entertainer Bill Cosby began his successful career in 1965 as one of the protagonists in "I Spy" (1965-1968), a weekly television program. Since then, Cosby has starred in a number of television programs and motion pictures and has written several books. In addition to his work as an entertainer, Cosby also has been an active member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and he and his wife, Camille, have made significant contributions to black institutions. Cosby is shown here at the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund at Carnegie Hall in 1990.
 

 

 


5121 Motion Picture and Video Industries

The multimedia computer, which combines sound, graphics, animation, and video, has become a valuable educational tool. It allows students to learn about a particular topic in a variety of ways: consulting an electronic encyclopedia, looking at pictures, viewing a film, or listening to a discussion. These students are using multimedia to learn about the solar system.

 

 

 

 

 

51211 Motion Picture and Video Production
51212 Motion Picture and Video
51213 Motion Picture and Video Exhibition


The Hollywood sign in Los Angeles marks the center of America's influential and productive motion picture and television industries.

512131 Motion Picture Theaters
51219 Postproduction Services and Other
512191 Tele-production and Other
512199 Other Motion Picture and Video

 

 

5122 Sound Recording Industries


A jazz artist listens to a playback with an audio engineer. Sophisticated recording equipment allows performers to emphasize various aspects of their music; for instance, a multi-track recording allows performers to accompany themselves.

 

 

 

 

51221 Record Production

Although he has been blind since birth, nothing has dimmed Stevie Wonder's musical genius. He began playing piano at age four, and his compositions and musicianship were nationally renowned by the time he was twelve. Wonder's passionate and thoughtful songwriting remains some of the greatest in popular music. He is also an active supporter of various social causes.

51222 Integrated Record
51223 Music Publishers
51229 Other Sound Recording Industries

513 Broadcasting and Telecommunications
5131 Radio and Television Broadcasting
51311 Radio Broadcasting
513111 Radio Networks
513112 Radio Stations 
51312 Television Broadcasting

This close-up photo of part of a television screen shows the green, red, and blue phosphor strips that make up a color image. Three electron beams, one for each color, strike the strips and make them glow. Different combinations of red, green, and blue create different colors; green and magenta are shown here.

5132 Cable Networks and Program
51321 Cable Networks
51322 Cable and Other Program
5133 Telecommunications
51331 Wired Telecommunications Carriers

51332 Wireless Telecommunications
513321 Paging
513322 Cellular and Other Wireless
51333 Telecommunications Resellers
51334 Satellite Telecommunications
51339 Other Telecommunications

514 Information Services and Data
5141 Information Services
51411 News Syndicates
51412 Libraries and Archives R 8231 Libraries
51419 Other Information Services
514191 On-Line Information Services
514199 All Other Information Services
5142 Data Processing Services
51421 Data Processing Services 

52 Finance and Insurance

Banks first emerged in the Middle Ages when people grew tired of carrying around all their gold and began leaving their money with the goldsmith. The Medici family, one of the most prominent banking families in Europe during this time, became quite wealthy from its banking and money-lending practices. This 14th-century painting depicts people depositing and withdrawing money in an Italian bank.

 

 

 



521 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank
5211 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank
52111 Monetary Authorities - Central Bank

Most nations have their own system of money and print their own currency. Made of paper, these pieces of currency have very little intrinsic value. As fiat money, however, the paper bills represent a specific monetary value decreed by the government and accepted by the people. The bills pictured here are examples of fiat money from all over the world.

522 Credit Intermediation and Related
5221 Depository Credit Intermediation 
52211 Commercial Banking
52212 Savings Institutions
52213 Credit Unions
52219 Other Depository Credit

5222 Non-depository Credit Intermediation

52221 Credit Card Issuing
52222 Sales Financing
52229 Other Non-depository Credit c
522291 Consumer Lending
522292 Real Estate Credit
522293 International Trade Financing
522294 Secondary Market Financing
522298 All Other Non-depository Credit
5223 Activities Related to Credit c
52231 Mortgage and Non-mortgage Loan
52232 Financial Transactions Processing,
52239 Other Activities Related to Credit

523 Securities, Commodity Contracts,
5231 Securities and Commodity Contracts
52311 Investment Banking and Securities
52312 Securities Brokerage
52313 Commodity Contracts Dealing
52314 Commodity Contracts Brokerage

5232 Securities and Commodity Exchanges

In May 1792, 24 brokers organized the New York Stock Exchange, which is located at the corner of Wall and Broad Streets in New York's financial district. Today, activity on the floor of the exchange runs at a feverish pace, as shown in this photo. Brokers trade billions of stocks, bonds, options, and financial futures on the exchange every year.

52321 Securities and Commodity Exchanges
5239 Other Financial Investment
52391 Miscellaneous Intermediation
52393 Investment Advice 
All Other Financial Investment
523991 Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody

524 Insurance Carriers and Related
5241 Insurance Carriers
52411 Direct Life, Health, and Medical c
524113 Direct Life Insurance Carriers
524114 Direct Health and Medical Insurance
52412 Direct Insurance (except Life, c
524126 Direct Property and Casualty
524127 Direct Title Insurance Carriers
524128 Other Direct Insurance
52413 Reinsurance Carriers

5242 Agencies, Brokerages, and Other
52421 Insurance Agencies and Brokerages
52429 Other Insurance Related Activities 
524291 Claims Adjusting
524292 Third Party Administration
524298 All Other Insurance Related

525 Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial 
5251 Insurance and Employee Benefit 
52511 Pension Funds
52519 Other Insurance Funds
5259 Other Investment Pools and Funds u
52591 Open-End Investment Funds
52592 Trusts, Estates, and Agency
52593 Real Estate Investment Trusts
52599 Other Financial Vehicles

53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing


531 Real Estate

In 1861 Collis Huntington Potter founded the Central Pacific Railroad with his partner Mark Hopkins and American financiers Leland Stanford and Charles Crocker. In 1869 the eastward-building Central Pacific met the westward-building Union Pacific, and the continent was spanned. Chinese workers spent six years completing the Central Pacific Railroad.
 

 

 


5311 Lessors of Real Estate
53111 Lessors of Residential Buildings

Located in northern Manhattan, roughly between 110th and 168th streets, the New York City neighborhood of Harlem is home to a predominantly black and Puerto Rican population. During the 1920s, black culture exploded onto the scene with the Harlem Renaissance movement in literature, and with jazz music performed in famous area venues such as the Cotton Club and the Apollo Theater. After years of neglect, new interest has been shown recently in restoring Harlem's real estate and reinvigorating the area, although boarded-up buildings and tenements, like those pictured, still line the streets of this community.

53112 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings
53113 Lessors of Mini-warehouses and
53119 Lessors of Other Real Estate

5312 Offices of Real Estate Agents and
53121 Offices of Real Estate Agents
5313 Activities Related to Real Estate
53131 Real Estate Property Managers 
531311 Residential Property Managers
531312 Nonresidential Property Managers
53132 Offices of Real Estate Appraisers
53139 Other Activities Related to Real

532 Rental and Leasing Services
5321 Automotive Equipment Rental and
53211 Passenger Car Rental and Leasing
532111 Passenger Car Rental
532112 Passenger Car Leasing
53212 Truck, Utility Trailer,

5322 Consumer Goods Rental
53221 Consumer Electronics and Appliances
53222 Formal Wear and Costume Rental
53223 Video Tape and Disc Rental
53229 Other Consumer Goods Rental
532291 Home Health Equipment Rental
532292 Recreational Goods Rental
532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental

5323 General Rental Centers
53231 General Rental Centers
5324 Commercial and Industrial Machinery
53241 Construction, Transportation,
532411 Commercial Air, Rail, and Water

Petroleum is transported worldwide by tanker ships such as this one near the Port of New York. Most modern tanker ships are supertankers that measure more than 450 m (1500 ft) long and carry over 200,000 metric tons (220,000 short tons) of oil.

532412 Construction, Mining, and Forestry
53242 Office Machinery and Equipment
53249 Other Commercial and Industrial

533 Lessors of Non-financial Intangible
5331 Lessors of Non-financial Intangible
53311 Lessors of Non-financial Intangible

54 Professional, Scientific, and

541 Professional, Scientific, and
5411 Legal Services
54111 Offices of Lawyers
54112 Offices of Notaries L Null Set for U.S.
54119 Other Legal Services
541191 Title Abstract and Settlement
541199 All Other Legal Services

5412 Accounting, Tax Preparation,
54121 Accounting, Tax Preparation,
541211 Offices of Certified Public
541213 Tax Preparation Services
541214 Payroll Services
541219 Other Accounting Services

5413 Architectural, Engineering,
54131 Architectural Services
54132 Landscape Architectural Services
54133 Engineering Services
54134 Drafting Services
54135 Building Inspection Services
54136 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping
54137 Surveying and Mapping
54138 Testing Laboratories

5414 Specialized Design Services
54141 Interior Design Services
54142 Industrial Design Services
54143 Graphic Design Services
54149 Other Specialized Design Services
5415 Computer Systems Design and Related
54151 Computer Systems Design and Related
541511 Custom Computer Programming
541512 Computer Systems Design Services
541513 Computer Facilities Management 
541519 Other Computer Related Services

5416 Management, Scientific,
54161 Management Consulting Services
541611 Administrative Management
541612 Human Resources and Executive
541613 Marketing Consulting Services 
541614 Process, Physical Distribution,
541618 Other Management Consulting

54162 Environmental Consulting Services
54169 Other Scientific and Technical
5417 Scientific Research and Development
54171 Research and Development
54172 Research and Development

5418 Advertising and Related Services
54181 Advertising Agencies
54182 Public Relations Agencies
54183 Media Buying Agencies
54184 Media Representatives
54185 Display Advertising
54186 Direct Mail Advertising
54187 Advertising Material Distribution
54189 Other Services Related

5419 Other Professional, Scientific, and
54191 Marketing Research and Public
54192 Photographic Services
541921 Photography Studios,
541922 Commercial Photography
54193 Translation and Interpretation
54194 Veterinary Services
54199 All Other Professional,

55 Management of Companies 

551 Management of Companies
5511 Management of Companies 
55111 Management of Companies 
551111 Offices of Bank Holding Companies
551112 Offices of Other Holding Companies
551114 Corporate, Subsidiary, and Regional

56 Administrative and Support and

561 Administrative and Support Services
5611 Office Administrative Services
56111 Office Administrative Services
5612 Facilities Support Services
56121 Facilities Support Services
5613 Employment Services

A labor market is made up of job sectors, groups of jobs related by level and type of skills used, education or training needed, and pay. This group of photographs depicts people working in six different job sectors: clockwise from top left, a medical professional, a construction worker, an executive, a salesperson, a laborer, and a farmer.

56131 Employment Placement Agencies
56132 Temporary Help Services
56133 Employee Leasing Services

5614 Business Support Services
56141 Document Preparation Services
56142 Telephone Call Centers
561421 Telephone Answering Services
561422 Telemarketing Bureaus
56143 Business Service Centers
561431 Private Mail Centers
561439 Other Business Service Centers 
56144 Collection Agencies

56145 Credit Bureaus
56149 Other Business Support Services
561491 Repossession Services
561492 Court Reporting and Stenotype
561499 All Other Business Support Services

5615 Travel Arrangement and Reservation
56151 Travel Agencies
56152 Tour Operators
56159 Other Travel Arrangement and
561591 Convention and Visitors Bureaus
561599 All Other Travel Arrangement

5616 Investigation and Security Services
56161 Investigation, Guard, and Armored
561611 Investigation Services
561612 Security Guards and Patrol Services
561613 Armored Car Services
56162 Security Systems Services
561621 Security Systems Services

561622 Locksmiths

5617 Services to Buildings and Dwellings
56171 Exterminating and Pest Control
56172 Janitorial Services
56173 Landscaping Services
56174 Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning
56179 Other Services to Buildings
5619 Other Support Services
56191 Packaging and Labeling Services 
56192 Convention and Trade Show 

56199 All Other Support Services

562 Waste Management and Remediation
5621 Waste Collection 
56211 Waste Collection 
562111 Solid Waste Collection
562112 Hazardous Waste Collection
562119 Other Waste Collection

5622 Waste Treatment and Disposal 
56221 Waste Treatment and Disposal 
562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment
562212 Solid Waste Landfill
562213 Solid Waste Combustors
562219 Other Non-hazardous Waste Treatment

5629 Remediation and Other Waste 
56291 Remediation Services
56292 Materials Recovery Facilities
56299 All Other Waste Management Services 
562991 Septic Tank and Related Services 
562998 All Other Miscellaneous Waste

 

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Last modified: 10/11/08